Determinatives
**This section is still under contrustion**
A determinative is a glyph that has no phonetic properties in the word, and is placed at the back of the word, it simply helps you clarify the meaning of the word, like if it's an action, conecpt, abstract idea. This is very important as many words in mdw nTr will have the same hieroglyphics value, but thier definitions are very different and it is up to the determinative to help you distinguish the difference when reading hieroglyphics.
ex.
𓏜 stands for an abstract idea , writing or something akin
𓀀 person (man)
𓀁 an action
𓈔 a type of metal
1) 𓋹𓈖𓐍𓏜 /anx/ 'life' - 𓋹 /anx/ (Ph)(Triliteral)(I), 𓈖 /n/ (Ph)(Uniliteral), 𓐍 /x/ (Ph)(Uniliteral), the /n/ and /x/ just stand to reinforce the word's pronunciation as well as the /anx/ (Ph)(Triliteral) and visa versa, 𓏜 stands for an abstract idea, writing or something akin (D)
2) 𓋹𓈖𓐍𓀀 /anx/ 'person, citizen, living one' - 𓋹 /anx/ (Ph)(Triliteral) reneforces spelling, 𓈖 /n/ (Ph)(Uniliteral) , 𓐍 /x/ (Ph)(Uniliteral), 𓀀 (D) indicated the word /anx/ has a definition of something to so with a person
3) 𓋹𓀁 /anx/ 'swear, oath' - 𓋹 (Ph)(Triliteral) , 𓀁 (D) indicated the word /anx/ has of an action
4) 𓋹𓏤𓈔 /anx/ 'mirror' - "mirror shape" - 𓋹𓏤 (I) + 𓈔 (D)
Gardiner sign list
ex.
𓏜 stands for an abstract idea , writing or something akin
𓀀 person (man)
𓀁 an action
𓈔 a type of metal
1) 𓋹𓈖𓐍𓏜 /anx/ 'life' - 𓋹 /anx/ (Ph)(Triliteral)(I), 𓈖 /n/ (Ph)(Uniliteral), 𓐍 /x/ (Ph)(Uniliteral), the /n/ and /x/ just stand to reinforce the word's pronunciation as well as the /anx/ (Ph)(Triliteral) and visa versa, 𓏜 stands for an abstract idea, writing or something akin (D)
2) 𓋹𓈖𓐍𓀀 /anx/ 'person, citizen, living one' - 𓋹 /anx/ (Ph)(Triliteral) reneforces spelling, 𓈖 /n/ (Ph)(Uniliteral) , 𓐍 /x/ (Ph)(Uniliteral), 𓀀 (D) indicated the word /anx/ has a definition of something to so with a person
3) 𓋹𓀁 /anx/ 'swear, oath' - 𓋹 (Ph)(Triliteral) , 𓀁 (D) indicated the word /anx/ has of an action
4) 𓋹𓏤𓈔 /anx/ 'mirror' - "mirror shape" - 𓋹𓏤 (I) + 𓈔 (D)
Gardiner sign list
Some widely used determinatives to familiarize yourself with.
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A - Man
𓀀 man, person, action [A1] ~ 𓀀𓁐𓏥 people, mankind [A1*B1:Z2] 𓀁 eating, drinking, feel, speak, thoughts [A2] 𓀂 sit [A3] 𓀃 praying, praise, supplication [A4] 𓀄 hiding, what is hidden [A5] 𓀉 week, down, weary [A7] 𓀊 jubilation [A8] 𓀋 carrying, lift [A9] 𓀏 foreigner, enemy, rebel [A13] 𓀐 enemy, death [A14] 𓀒 fallen over [A15] 𓀔 of a child [A17] 𓀗 old man [A19] 𓀘 elder [A20] 𓀙 offical [A21] 𓀜 strike, effort, force/submition, violence [A24] 𓀞 summon [A26] 𓀠 rejoice, praise, support, high, mourn [A28] 𓀢 praying, praise, supplication [A30] 𓀥 something to do with dancing, joy [A32A] 𓀦 traveler, shepard, stranger [A33] 𓀧 build, pounding (something) [A34] 𓀨 something to do with building [A35] 𓀩 brewing something [A36] 𓀭 God, divinity, king (living god on earth) [A40] 𓀯 King, royalty [A41] 𓀰 King [A42] 𓀲 King of Upper Egypt [A43] 𓀵 King of Lower Egypt [A45] 𓀸 protect , guarding [A47] 𓀹 belonging to [A48] 𓀺 foreigner [A49] 𓀻 exulted person, noble, related to self [A50] 𓀼 exulted person, noble [A51] 𓀽 exulted person, noble [A52] 𓀾 mummy, form, likeness [A53] 𓀿 dead, lying down (dead), bury [A54] 𓁀 dead, lying down [A55] B - Women 𓁐 women, goddess, female [B1] 𓁑 pregant [B2] 𓁒 give birth [B4] 𓁔 nurseing [B5] 𓁗 Queen [B7] C - Anthro Deities
𓁚 𓁛 𓁜 𓁝 𓁞 𓁟 𓁠 𓁡 𓁢 𓁣 𓁤 𓁥 𓁦 𓁧 𓁨 𓁩 𓁪 𓁫 𓁬 𓁭 𓁮 𓁯 𓁰 𓁱 𓁲 𓁳 𓁴 𓁵 D - Body parts
𓁶 'body part' 'something to do with the head' [D1] 𓁸 hair, skin, mourn [D3] 𓁹 action of the eye [D4] 𓁺 condition of the eye [D5] 𓁻 cry, act of eye [D6] 𓁼 concerning the eye [D7] 𓁿 weep, cry [D9] 𓏸 pupil [D12] 𓂃 eyebrow [D13] 𓂉 concerning the nose, joy, contempt [D19] 𓂊 smell, nose, joy, contempt [D20] 𓂋 action of the mouth [D21] 𓂎 of the lips, border [D24] 𓂐 expel liquid from lips [D26] 𓂑 concerning the breast [D27] 𓂘 'act of arms', embracing [D32] 𓂜 not, 'negation' [D35] 𓂝 arm, hand, forearm, condition, state, region [D36] 𓂠 offer, present, give [D39] 𓂡 strike, effort, force, violence, examine [D40] 𓂢 arm, action with arm [D41] 𓂦 sacred [D45] 𓂧 hand, palm, act with a hand [D46] 𓂩 of the hand [D47] 𓂬 seize, grasp, attack [D49] 𓂭 finger, toe, thumb 'digit' [D50] 𓂷 finger, toe, claw, nail 'action with the finger' [D51] 𓂸 phallus, 'something to do with seed or sexual' measure, ancestory, male [D52] 𓂺 phallus emission, beget, male 'in the presence of' [D53] 𓂻 'act of walking', action, movement [D54] 𓂽 'act of turning around' [D55] 𓂾 leg, foot 'act of foot' [D56] E - Mammals
𓃒 bull [E1] 𓃓 agresive, fight, victoriouse [E2] 𓃙 kid [E8] 𓃛 conceive [E9] 𓃡 dog [E14] 𓃥 dignitary, wild canine [E17] 𓃩 turmoil, confusion [E20] 𓃫 turmoil, strom, rage [E21] 𓃷 furious [E32] F - Mammal parts 𓃿 smell, face, nose, joy [F1A] 𓄀 agressive [F2] 𓄂 at the front, begining [F4] 𓄅 dignity, worth [F7] 𓄇 strength [F9] 𓄈 throat , neck [F10] 𓄏 of a horn [F16] 𓄑 tooth, tusk 'actions of teeth' [F18] 𓄓 tongue 'act of tongue' [F20] 𓄔 'act of an ear' 'body part' , 'ear like' [F21] 𓄖 hind-quarters, end [F22] 𓄗 foreleg [F23] 𓄛 hide/skin, mammal [F27] 𓄟 fox skins, birth [F31] 𓄡 body, belly [F32] 𓄢 tail [F33] 𓄣 of the heart [F34] 𓄦 backbone and ribs [F37] 𓄪 backbone with spinal cord, revered [F39] 𓄬 vertebrae of back [F41] 𓄭 rib [F42] 𓄯 bone, meat [F44] 𓄰 uterus [F45] 𓄲 turn, turn around, fold, twist [F46] 𓄹 limb, flesh , part of the body [F51] 𓄽 excrement [F52] G - Birds
𓄿 hawk, Egyptian vulture, bird [G1] 𓅆 God, King (living god on earth) [G7] 𓅌 divine [G11] 𓅐 Queen, mother [G14] 𓅡 ba soul or spirit [G29] 𓅪 small, weak, bad, evil, poor body function [G37] 𓅭 bird, duck/goose, flying insect, sound, child [G39] 𓅯 alight, (something) that flies, sound [G41] 𓅾 wring neck (of bird), offer [G54] H - Part of birds 𓆂 Queen, Egyptians, mankind, offer, wring neck (of bird) [H4] 𓆃 wing, 'to fly' [H5] 𓆄 Ma'at , feather, air [H6] 𓆇 goddess, son, egg [H8] ~ 𓏏𓆇 goddess [X1:H8] I - Amphibious, reptiles
𓆈 many [I1] 𓆊 greedy, agressive, angry, lust, voraciou,sovereign [I3] 𓆋 Sobek [I4] 𓆌 gather, collect [I5] 𓆎 black [I6] 𓆏 Heqet Goddess [I7] 𓆑 male [F9] 𓆗 Queen, Goddess [I12] 𓆘 Goddess [I13] 𓆙 snake, worm [I14] K - Fish and fish parts
𓆛 Tilapia fish [K1] 𓆜 detest , abomination [K2] 𓆝 Bûri-fish [K3] 𓆞 corpse , Oxyrhynchus fish [K4] 𓆟 fish, fishy smell, stink [K5] 𓆠 fish-scale [K6] 𓆡 discontented [K7] 𓆢 catfish [K8] L - Inverebrate and lesser animals
𓆣 Dung beetle [L1] 𓆦 Fly [L3] 𓆧 Locust/grasshopper [L4] 𓆨 Centipede [L5] M - nature
𓆭 tree [M1] 𓆰 plant, flower [M2] 𓆱 wood, tree [M3] 𓆳 young , year [M4] 𓆴 season [M5] 𓆷 land , pool, Inundation season [M8] 𓆻 offer [M11] 𓇅 papyrus [M13] 𓇇 papyrus , watery regions [M15] 𓇛 sweet (flavor, odor, disposition) [M29] 𓇜 sweet [M30] 𓇠 grain [M33] 𓇣 emmer [M34] 𓇤 heap [M35] 𓇥 bind [M36] 𓇨 vegetable offering [M39] 𓇩 reeds [M40] 𓇭 vineyard, vine, fruit, garden [M43] 𓇮 sharp [M44] N - sky, earth, water
𓇯 sky, heaven, above, high [N1] 𓇰 night, darkness [N2] 𓇲 dew, rain [N4] 𓇳 sun, light, day, time [N5] 𓇶 sunshine, rise [N8] 𓇹 moon, month [N11] 𓇼 star, time, hour [N14] 𓇽 netherworld [N15] 𓇾 land, earth [N16] 𓈀 deser, foreign land [N18] 𓈄 sandbank [N20] 𓈅 land [N21] 𓈇 irrigated land [N23] 𓈈 district, province, garden [N24] 𓈉 hill country, desert, foreign land [N25] 𓈎 hill [N28] 𓈏 mound [N30] 𓈐 road, travel, position [N31] 𓈒 seed, grain of sand, mineral, medicin, metal, pebble, small round [N33] 𓈓 sand, minerals, pellets, multiple of something [N33a] 𓈔 copper, bronze, metal [N34] 𓈗 water, liquid, actions connected w/ water [N35a] 𓈘 canal of water, river, lake, sea [N36] 𓈞 well, pool, marsh, uterus [N41] |
O - buildings and parts of buildings
𓉐 seat, place, building [O1] 𓉔 courtyard [O4] 𓉕 street [O5] 𓉗 house, mansion, estate, temple [O6] 𓉧 gateway [O13] 𓉪 door (in temple) [O16] 𓉬 chapel [O18] 𓉯 sanctuary [O20] 𓉱 booth [O21] 𓉲 booth [O22] 𓉴 pyramid [O24] 𓉶 obelisk [O25] 𓉸 stela [O26] 𓉹 hall of columns [O27] 𓉺 column [O28] 𓉽 support [O30] 𓉿 door, open [O31] 𓊀 door, gate, gateway [O32] 𓊁 banner [O33] 𓊅 wall [O36] 𓊊 overthrow, slant, tilt [O37] 𓊋 corner, angle, magistrates, gate, street [O38] 𓊌 stone, brick [O39] 𓊍 throne, stairs, stairway, platform [O40] 𓊎 ascent, ascend, stairway, high place [O41] 𓊑 office, rank [O44] 𓊒 harem [O45] 𓊖 town, village, location [O49] 𓊗 threshing-floor, time, occasion P - ships and parts of ships
𓊛 boat, ship, something to do with a boat [P1] 𓊜 overturn, upset [P1A] 𓊝 sail upstream [P2] 𓊡 air, wind, breath, sail [P5] 𓊤 oar, voice, enemy [P8] 𓊦 steering oar [P10] 𓊧 mooring post Q - domestic, funerary and furniture
𓊫 head-rest (Q4) 𓊬 chest, box (Q5) 𓊭 box, coffin, bury [Q6] 𓊮 fire, heat, cook [Q7] R - Temple furniture & sacred emblems 𓊯 table with offering [R3] 𓊶 fumigate [R5] 𓊸 incense [R7] 𓊹 god [R8] 𓊺 natron [R9] 𓊾 standard [R12] 𓊿 west, right [R13] S - crowns, dress, staves, etc.
𓋑 white crown [S1] 𓋔 red crown [S3] 𓋳 clothe, linen [S28] 𓋜 wreath, fillet, carpenter [S10] 𓋝 collar [S11] 𓋞 collar, precious metal, gold [S12] 𓋧 bead-necklace [S18] 𓋨 seal with loop [S19] 𓋩 seal [S20] 𓋪 ring [S21] 𓋫 larboard [S22] 𓋬 unite [S23] 𓋭 vertebra, knot [S24] 𓋮 apron [S25] 𓋲 clothing [S27] 𓋳 clothing, conceal, uncover [S28] 𓋷 piece of cloth [S32] 𓋸 sandle [S33] 𓋺 shade , (military) standard [S35] 𓋽 fan [S37] 𓋾 sceptre, rule, measure [S38] 𓌀 Was-sceptre, decay [S40] 𓌂 sceptre, control, sistrum, power [S42] 𓌅 flagellum [S45] T - warfare, hunting, butchery
𓌈 smite [T2] 𓌉 smite, bright [T3] 𓌎 axe, carpenter, shipbuilder [T7] 𓌏 axe [T7A] 𓌑 dagger, chief, first, upon [T8A] 𓌒 bow, stretch [T9] 𓌔 bow, foreighn people, troop[T10] 𓌕 arrow, overlay [T11] 𓌗 bow string, string, firm, restrain, subdue [T12] 𓌙 throw-stick, throw, create, foreign [T14] 𓌛 scimitar blade [T16] 𓌝 chariot [T17] 𓌞 fallow [T18] 𓌟 bone, harpoon, irksome, bury, sculptor [T19] 𓌡 one [T21] 𓌤 net, holding, field [T25] 𓌥 floats, adorn [T25] 𓌦 trap, snare [T26] 𓌪 knife, cut, sharp [T30]
𓌰 knife [T35]
𓌲 shield [T36] U - agriculture, craft and professions
𓌳 reap, crooked [U1] 𓌸 cultivate [U6] 𓌻 hoe, cultivate, cut up [U7] 𓌼 hoe [U8] 𓌽 grain, measure [U9] 𓍁 plough [U13] 𓍄 sledge [U16] 𓍉 cut up, choose [U21] 𓍊 fashion, carve, chisel, be efficient [U22] 𓍍 craft [U24] 𓍏 open [U26] 𓍑 fire-drill [U28] 𓍕 baker, restrain, harem [U31] 𓍖 pound , press down [U32] 𓍙 spin [U34] 𓍜 shave [U37] 𓍝 blance [U38] 𓍞 blance suport pole, raise, lift, carry, wear [U39] 𓍠 plummet, plumb bob [U41] 𓍡 pitchfork, obstacle [U42] V - Rope, fiber, baskets, bags, etc.
𓍢 rope/cord, tie up, drag, surround [V1] 𓍬 drag, draw, hasten [V2] 𓍰 plan, plan, found [V5] 𓍱 rope/cord, tie up, pack [V6] 𓍲 enclose [V7] 𓍶 cartouche [V9] > 𓍷 cartouche [V10] 𓍸 restrain, split [V11] 𓍼 bind, headband, papyrus [V12] 𓎃 protection [V17] 𓎅 shrine, stable, sack, portable shrine [V19] 𓎔 cubit [V22] 𓎙 spool [V26] 𓎝 wipe, ward off, fortunate [V29] 𓎟 basket [V30] 𓎣 harpoon [V32] 𓎤 linen, cloth, tie up, buddle, perfume [V33] 𓎥 bundle [V33a] 𓎨 occupations, period, end [V36] 𓎬 Auset/Isis knot [V39] W - vessels of stone and earthware
𓎯 jar, vessel, ointment, urguent, oil [W1] 𓎰 jar [W2] 𓎱 alabaster, festival [W3] 𓎳 festival, feast [W4] 𓎵 cauldron [W6] 𓎶 granite, Elephantine [W7] 𓎸 unite [W9] 𓎺 cup [W10] 𓎼 seat, throne, pot [W11] 𓎿 water jar [W14] 𓏁 cool [W15] 𓏃 rack of 3 jars [W17] 𓏅 rack of 4 jars [W18] 𓏇 milk jug [W19] 𓏈 milk jug [W20] 𓏉 wine [W21] 𓏊 pot, vessel, beverages [W22] 𓏋 vessel, anoint [W23] 𓏌 council [W24] X - loaves and cakes
𓏏 bread, loaf, female [X1] ~ 𓏏𓆇 goddess [X1:H8] 𓏐 bread, food, cake [X2] 𓏒 loaf, bread, food, cake, offering [X4] 𓏔 loaf, cake, offering [X4b] 𓏖 loaf 𓏘 eat, food, pastry, bread [X7] 𓏙 give [X8] Y - writing, games, music
𓏛 abstract idea, papyrus roll, writing [Y1] 𓏞 scribe, writing, artist, painting, color, sculptor [Y3] 𓏡 game pice [Y6] 𓏢 harp [Y7] 𓏣 sistrum Z - strokes, geometrical figures, etc.
𓏤 one, indicates the glyph next to or under [Z1] 𓏥 plural (two or more) [Z2] 𓏪 plural (two or more) [Z3] 𓏫 plural (two or more) [Z3A] 𓏭 double, two, sometimes used as a plural [Z4] 𓏮 double, two [Z4A] 𓏯 substitute for a glyph [Z5] 𓏲 rope, actions with rope or cord , plural [Z7] 𓏳 round [Z8] 𓏴 break, divide, cross, answer [Z9] Aa - unclassified
𓐎 tumors, odor, disease, tribute [Aa2] 𓐏 bodily fluids, tissues [Aa3] 𓐑 helm [Aa5] 𓐒 mat [Aa6]a 𓐖 estate, district [Aa8] 𓐗 rich [Aa9] 𓐘 writing [Aa10] 𓐙 platform [Aa11] 𓐝 rib [Aa15] 𓐡 fasten [Aa19] 𓐣 sever [Aa21] 𓐤 sever [Aa22] 𓐦 hit (a mark), adhere to (path) [Aa23] 𓐬 adorn [Aa30] |
Ref - Egyptian Grammar Book by Alan Gardiner
