Site Key
For answers to the most frequetly asked questions, click Here
Basic KEY
(IPA) - International Phonetic Association
(MDC), (MdC) - Manuel de Codage (most common used online)
Different Transliterations (other then MDC)
(AE) - Ancient Egyptian
(UP) - Upper Egypt
(LE) - Lower Egypt
(Ph) - Phonograms
(D) - Determinative (D)
(I) - Ideogram
Time Period and Dynasties KEY
(PreD) - Predynastic (c. 3300–3150 BC)
(EP) - Early Dynastic period (c.3000-2686 BC)
(ED) - Early Dynastic (c. 3150–2686 BC)
1st D (3150-2890 BC)
2nd D (2890-2686 BC)
(OK), (OE) - Old Kingdom, Old Egyptian (c. 2686-2181 BC)
3rd D (2686-2613 BC)
4th D (2613-2498 BC)
5th D (2498-2345 BC)
6th D (2345-2181 BC)
(FIP), (FI) - First Intermediate Period (c. 2181-2061 BC)
7th D (2181–2160 BC)
8th D (2160–2130 BC)
9th D (2130–2040 BC)
10th D (2345-2181 BC)
early 11th D (2134-2061 BC)
(MK), (ME) - Middle Kingdom, Middle Egyptian (c. 2041-1782 BC)
midde-late 11th D (2041–1991 BC)
12th D (1991–1803 BC)
13th D (1803–1649 BC)
(LME) - Late Middle Egyptian (c. 1350-1782 BC)
(SIP), (SI) - Second Intermediate Period (c. 1782-1570 BC)
14th D (1705–1690 BC)
15th D (Hyksos) (1674–1535 BC)
16th D (1660–1600 BC)
(AB) Abydos Dynasty (1650–1600 BC)
17th D (1580–1549)
(NK) - New Kingdom (1549-1077 BC)
(AP) - Amarna-period (c. 1350-1320 BC)
18th D (1549-1292 BC)
19th D (1292-1189 BC)
20th D (1189-1077 BC)
(TIP), (TI) - Third Intermediate Period (1069-653 BC)
21st D (1069–945 BC)
22nd D (945–720 BC)
23rd D (837–728 BC)
24th D (732–720 BC)
25th (Nubian) (732–653 BC)
(LK) , (LE) (not used much) - Late Kingdom , Late Egyptian (c. 664 BC-332 BC)
(SP) - Saite Period [26th D] (c. 664-525 BC)
27th [Persian Period] (525-404 BC)
28th D (404–398 BC)
29th D (398–380 BC)
30th D (380–343 BC)
31st D (343-332 BC)
(ED) - Early Demotic (c. 650 - 400 BC)
(Ptol), (PP), (HP) - Ptolemaic Dynasty, Ptolemaic Period, Hellenistic Period (332-30 BC)
32nd D (332–305 BC)
33rd D (305–30 BC)
(GR) (Gr-R), (Gro-R)- Greco-Roman (332 BC-641-642 AD)
Coptic dialects & era
(CE) - Coptic era (201 AD-900 AD)
(O) - Old Coptic
(AC) - Archaic Coptic
Upper Egypt (UE)
(S) - Sahidic or Thebaic
~ (Sa) Sahidic /Achmimic
~ (Sf) Sahidic /Fayyumic
(A) - Achmimic (Coptic)
~ (sA) sub Achmimic
(NH) - Nag Hammadi
(L) - Lycopolitan or Subakhmimic or Assiutic
Lower Egypt (LE)
(OB) - Old Bohairic
(GB) - Greco-Bohairic
(B) - Bohairic or Memphitic
(F) - Fayyumic
(Fb) - Fayyumic/Bohairic
(M) - Oxyrhynchite or Mesokemic [sometimes mislabeled as] (O)
Author's Key
(aaew) aaew.bbaw.de
(Aaou) Phone app Aaou
(AE&HG) Adolf Erman and Hermann Grapow's, Wörterbuch der Ägyptischen Sprache
(AsoA) (Ahmose son of Abana) Autobiography Of Ahmose Son Of Abana
(Budge) E. A. Wallis Budge, Egyptian Hieroglyphic dictionary.vol.1 and 2, Book of the Dead (Attested entries only)
(Černý) Jaroslav Černý, (1976), Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
(DH) Demotic Horoscopes, Journal of the American Oriental Society, by O. Neugebauer (1943)
(DLDA Dils) Peter Dils, with contributions by Altägyptisches Wörterbuch, Johannes Jüngling, Anja Weber, Die Lehre des Ani
(DPDP) The Demotic Palaeographical Debase Project http://129.206.5.162/beta/index.html
(DSDP Hannig) Die Sprache der Pharaonen. Groβes Handwörterbuch Deutsch-Ägyptish by Rainer Hannig
(Gardiner)(Gard) Sir Alan Henderson Gardiner's, Egyptian Grammar
(Faulkner) Raymond Faulkner, (1962), A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute
(Hoch) James Hoch's, Middle Egyptian grammar, Semitic Words in Egyptian Texts of the New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period
(J.P.A.) James P. Allen's ,(2010), Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
(LEG Junge) Friedrich Junge Late Egyptian Grammar, 2005
(Loprieno) Antonio Loprieno , (1995), Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
(Love) Edward O D Love, 2019, Innovative scripts and spellings in Roman Egypt: investigations into script conventions, domains, shift, and obsolescence
as evidenced by hieroglyphic, hieratic, demotic, and Old Coptic manuscripts
(remn) Coptic Dictionary Crum; https://remnqymi.com/crum
(SC) Strong's concordance (The Exhaustive Concordance of the (King James) Bible with Hebrew and Greek lexicons) by James Strong,1890
(TLA) Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae https://thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae.de
(TMCtAE V2) The Mouton Companions to Ancient Egyptian V2 ; Editors : Eitan Grossman, Stéphane Polis, Jean Winand ; Antonio Loprieno, Matthias Müller,
Sami Uljas, Non-Verbal Predication in Ancient Egyptian
(Vartavan) Christian de Vartavan , A Vocalised Dictionary of Ancient Egyptian
(WB) Adolf Erman and Hermann Grapow's,1897-1961, Altägyptisches Wörterbuch Schweitzer
Unless other wise stated coptic comes from- Marcion (Mar) https://marcion and Coptic Dictionary (CD) https://coptic-dictionary.org
What does (V) mean?
It means that we suspect there is a vowl in this possition in the word, but not sure as to what vowl it was. It's used a place holder.
• If you see a code such as U36-X1-B1 it is what is referred to as Gardiner's code or list and is the way to call up glyphs. Check out
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardiner%27s_sign_list and the program Jsesh.com for more info.
Basic KEY
(IPA) - International Phonetic Association
(MDC), (MdC) - Manuel de Codage (most common used online)
Different Transliterations (other then MDC)
(AE) - Ancient Egyptian
(UP) - Upper Egypt
(LE) - Lower Egypt
(Ph) - Phonograms
(D) - Determinative (D)
(I) - Ideogram
Time Period and Dynasties KEY
(PreD) - Predynastic (c. 3300–3150 BC)
(EP) - Early Dynastic period (c.3000-2686 BC)
(ED) - Early Dynastic (c. 3150–2686 BC)
1st D (3150-2890 BC)
2nd D (2890-2686 BC)
(OK), (OE) - Old Kingdom, Old Egyptian (c. 2686-2181 BC)
3rd D (2686-2613 BC)
4th D (2613-2498 BC)
5th D (2498-2345 BC)
6th D (2345-2181 BC)
(FIP), (FI) - First Intermediate Period (c. 2181-2061 BC)
7th D (2181–2160 BC)
8th D (2160–2130 BC)
9th D (2130–2040 BC)
10th D (2345-2181 BC)
early 11th D (2134-2061 BC)
(MK), (ME) - Middle Kingdom, Middle Egyptian (c. 2041-1782 BC)
midde-late 11th D (2041–1991 BC)
12th D (1991–1803 BC)
13th D (1803–1649 BC)
(LME) - Late Middle Egyptian (c. 1350-1782 BC)
(SIP), (SI) - Second Intermediate Period (c. 1782-1570 BC)
14th D (1705–1690 BC)
15th D (Hyksos) (1674–1535 BC)
16th D (1660–1600 BC)
(AB) Abydos Dynasty (1650–1600 BC)
17th D (1580–1549)
(NK) - New Kingdom (1549-1077 BC)
(AP) - Amarna-period (c. 1350-1320 BC)
18th D (1549-1292 BC)
19th D (1292-1189 BC)
20th D (1189-1077 BC)
(TIP), (TI) - Third Intermediate Period (1069-653 BC)
21st D (1069–945 BC)
22nd D (945–720 BC)
23rd D (837–728 BC)
24th D (732–720 BC)
25th (Nubian) (732–653 BC)
(LK) , (LE) (not used much) - Late Kingdom , Late Egyptian (c. 664 BC-332 BC)
(SP) - Saite Period [26th D] (c. 664-525 BC)
27th [Persian Period] (525-404 BC)
28th D (404–398 BC)
29th D (398–380 BC)
30th D (380–343 BC)
31st D (343-332 BC)
(ED) - Early Demotic (c. 650 - 400 BC)
(Ptol), (PP), (HP) - Ptolemaic Dynasty, Ptolemaic Period, Hellenistic Period (332-30 BC)
32nd D (332–305 BC)
33rd D (305–30 BC)
(GR) (Gr-R), (Gro-R)- Greco-Roman (332 BC-641-642 AD)
Coptic dialects & era
(CE) - Coptic era (201 AD-900 AD)
(O) - Old Coptic
(AC) - Archaic Coptic
Upper Egypt (UE)
(S) - Sahidic or Thebaic
~ (Sa) Sahidic /Achmimic
~ (Sf) Sahidic /Fayyumic
(A) - Achmimic (Coptic)
~ (sA) sub Achmimic
(NH) - Nag Hammadi
(L) - Lycopolitan or Subakhmimic or Assiutic
Lower Egypt (LE)
(OB) - Old Bohairic
(GB) - Greco-Bohairic
(B) - Bohairic or Memphitic
(F) - Fayyumic
(Fb) - Fayyumic/Bohairic
(M) - Oxyrhynchite or Mesokemic [sometimes mislabeled as] (O)
Author's Key
(aaew) aaew.bbaw.de
(Aaou) Phone app Aaou
(AE&HG) Adolf Erman and Hermann Grapow's, Wörterbuch der Ägyptischen Sprache
(AsoA) (Ahmose son of Abana) Autobiography Of Ahmose Son Of Abana
(Budge) E. A. Wallis Budge, Egyptian Hieroglyphic dictionary.vol.1 and 2, Book of the Dead (Attested entries only)
(Černý) Jaroslav Černý, (1976), Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
(DH) Demotic Horoscopes, Journal of the American Oriental Society, by O. Neugebauer (1943)
(DLDA Dils) Peter Dils, with contributions by Altägyptisches Wörterbuch, Johannes Jüngling, Anja Weber, Die Lehre des Ani
(DPDP) The Demotic Palaeographical Debase Project http://129.206.5.162/beta/index.html
(DSDP Hannig) Die Sprache der Pharaonen. Groβes Handwörterbuch Deutsch-Ägyptish by Rainer Hannig
(Gardiner)(Gard) Sir Alan Henderson Gardiner's, Egyptian Grammar
(Faulkner) Raymond Faulkner, (1962), A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute
(Hoch) James Hoch's, Middle Egyptian grammar, Semitic Words in Egyptian Texts of the New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period
(J.P.A.) James P. Allen's ,(2010), Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
(LEG Junge) Friedrich Junge Late Egyptian Grammar, 2005
(Loprieno) Antonio Loprieno , (1995), Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
(Love) Edward O D Love, 2019, Innovative scripts and spellings in Roman Egypt: investigations into script conventions, domains, shift, and obsolescence
as evidenced by hieroglyphic, hieratic, demotic, and Old Coptic manuscripts
(remn) Coptic Dictionary Crum; https://remnqymi.com/crum
(SC) Strong's concordance (The Exhaustive Concordance of the (King James) Bible with Hebrew and Greek lexicons) by James Strong,1890
(TLA) Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae https://thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae.de
(TMCtAE V2) The Mouton Companions to Ancient Egyptian V2 ; Editors : Eitan Grossman, Stéphane Polis, Jean Winand ; Antonio Loprieno, Matthias Müller,
Sami Uljas, Non-Verbal Predication in Ancient Egyptian
(Vartavan) Christian de Vartavan , A Vocalised Dictionary of Ancient Egyptian
(WB) Adolf Erman and Hermann Grapow's,1897-1961, Altägyptisches Wörterbuch Schweitzer
Unless other wise stated coptic comes from- Marcion (Mar) https://marcion and Coptic Dictionary (CD) https://coptic-dictionary.org
What does (V) mean?
It means that we suspect there is a vowl in this possition in the word, but not sure as to what vowl it was. It's used a place holder.
• If you see a code such as U36-X1-B1 it is what is referred to as Gardiner's code or list and is the way to call up glyphs. Check out
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardiner%27s_sign_list and the program Jsesh.com for more info.
